- Capstone Projects 2023(Español)
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- Capstone Projects 2022(Español)
- Capstone Projects 2022(English)
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- CITI 2019-II
El proceso de envasado es una de las etapas más importantes del flujo productivo en las diversas industrias debido a que se encarga de contener al producto (cereal de trigo), preservando su calidad y suministrando protección durante el transporte y almacenamiento. Es por ello, que es fundamental disponer con un procesamiento que cumpla con los requerimientos fundamentales para proveer un producto de calidad.
Actualmente, existen muchas técnicas de envasado que permiten lograr el mismo objetivo. El envasado automático ha podido desarrollarse conforme el paso de los años, volviéndose un equipo de vital relevancia en las operaciones de las grandes industrias ya que brinda diversos beneficios como mayor productividad, agilidad, adaptabilidad, menores costos y errores.
En el presente trabajo se diseñará y fabricará una máquina envasadora automática para poder aumentar la productividad y eficiencia de las actividades de llenado y sellado de bolsas.
En el capítulo 1 se planteó el problema general y los problemas específicos junto con los objetivos que se quieren alcanzar y la justificación del proyecto.
Luego en el capítulo 2 se desarrolló el marco teórico, donde se revisaron los antecedentes de la investigación, bases teóricas vinculadas a los términos utilizados en este proyecto.
En el capítulo 3 se explicó de forma más detallada en qué consiste el proyecto y las etapas que se planificaron y llevaron a cabo para poder alcanzar los objetivos planteados.
En el capítulo 4 se presenta la explicación de cada etapa desarrollada comenzando con el diseño preliminar y finalizando con las pruebas de la máquina. También, se definieron las técnicas, piezas e instrumentos utilizados durante el proyecto y los resultados obtenidos.
Por último, se presentan las conclusiones y las fuentes bibliográficas consultadas.
En el proyecto presente se elaborará la automatización de un proceso de transporte de objetos y almacenamiento para ello realizaremos un diseño y construcción de un sistema de clasificación de productos, con una faja transportadora y sensores ópticos.
La automatización pretende implementarse en la empresa Winflex, significando un apoyo en el proceso de clasificación y empacado. Para ello se definen los procesos de elaboración, características de la estación, bosquejo, diagramas del proyecto e indicadores de producción.
En los siguientes capítulos veremos el fundamento teórico que involucra el proyecto junto a los objetivos del mismo. También mencionaremos la descripción detallada del proceso que queremos automatizar, adjuntando diagramas que facilitaran el entendimiento del proceso actual, por otra parte, veremos los indicadores de producción, cotización y el bosquejo del proceso automatizado.
Se mencionará el detalle del diseño de propuesta para automatizar el proceso, adjuntamos diagramas que ayudaran el entendimiento del proceso automatizado, junto con la descripción detallada de los materiales empleados, el diseño del circuito electroneumático y la programación del PLC.
Esta investigación se ha desarrollado en la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad Ricardo Palma, considerando nuestro objetivo el de automatizar el proceso de clasificación de botellas según su tamaño. Antiguamente muchas empresas trabajaban de manera manual el proceso de clasificación de botellas, sin embargo con el avance de la tecnología esto ha podido cambiar es por ello que decidimos realizar una máquina clasificadora de botellas de acuerdo al tamaño de cada una; otro de los objetivos que tiene el proyecto es reducir tiempos en la clasificación de botellas y de esa manera se podrá aumentar la productividad del proceso.
Actualmente en el Perú hay unas pocas empresas que están automatizadas lo cual es un problema ya que genera un retraso en la producción diaria y en la productividad, si bien es cierto la automatización de una empresa no es barata a largo plazo la inversión se justifica ya que al reducir mano de obra y margen de error humano se evitará costos de personal. El trabajo tiene como objetivo estudiar y analizar el transporte de material por una faja transportadora analizando el margen de error, los costos y la productividad de la máquina además de proponer y motivar a futuras empresas a implementar dicha máquina.
This research has been developed in the Faculty of Engineering of the Ricardo Palma University, considering our objective to automate the process of classifying bottles according to their size. In the past, many companies worked the bottle classification process manually, however with the advancement of technology this has been able to change, which is why we decided to make a bottle classification machine according to the size of each one; Another objectives of the project is to reduce times in the classification of bottles and in this way it would be possible to increase the productivity of the process.
Currently in Peru there are a few companies that are automated, which is a problem since it generates a delay in daily production and productivity, although it is true that the automation of a company is not cheap in the long term, the investment is already justified. that by reducing labor and the margin of human error, personnel costs will be avoided. The objective of the work is to study and analyze the transport of material by a conveyor belt, analyzing the margin of error, the costs and the productivity of the machine, as well as proposing and motivating future companies to implement said machine.
The packaging process is one of the most important stages of the production flow in various industries because it is responsible for containing the product (wheat grain), preserving its quality and providing protection during transportation and storage. Therefore, it is essential to have a processing that meets the fundamental requirements to provide a quality product.
Currently, there are many packaging techniques that allow achieving the same objective. Automatic packaging has been able to develop over the years, becoming a vitally important equipment in the operations of large industries as it provides several benefits such as higher productivity, agility, adaptability, lower costs and errors.
In this work, an automatic packaging machine will be designed and manufactured in order to increase the productivity and efficiency of bag filling and sealing activities.
In Chapter 1, the general problem and the specific problems were presented, together with the objectives to be achieved and the justification for the project.
Then in chapter 2 the theoretical framework was developed, where the background of the research was reviewed, as well as the theoretical bases related to the terms used in this project.
Chapter 3 explained in more detail what the project consisted of and the stages that were planned and carried out in order to achieve the proposed objectives.
Chapter 4 presents the explanation of each stage developed, starting with the preliminary design and ending with the testing of the machine. Also, the techniques, parts and instruments used during the project and the results obtained are defined.
Finally, the conclusions and bibliographic sources consulted are presented.
In this project we will elaborate the automation of an object transport and storage process by designing and building a product classification system with a conveyor belt and optical sensors.
The automation is intended to be implemented in the Winflex company, providing support in the sorting and packaging process. For this purpose, we define the processing processes, characteristics of the station, sketch, project diagrams and production indicators.
In the following chapters we will see the theoretical foundation that involves the project along with its objectives. We will also mention the detailed description of the process that we want to automate, attaching diagrams that will facilitate the understanding of the current process, on the other hand, we will see the production indicators, quotation and the outline of the automated process.
We will mention the detail of the design proposal to automate the process, we attach diagrams that will help the understanding of the automated process, along with the detailed description of the materials used, the design of the electro-pneumatic circuit and the PLC programming.
In this research project, we present a project that aims to teach and disseminate the correct way to recycle waste. However, in our country there are enormous opportunities to increase recycling, since only 1.9% of the total solid waste generated is recycled, which can be used in different ways.
Today, recycling is a global necessity not only to improve the quality of the environment, but also to protect human health. In addition to employment, recycling paper, plastic, glass and metals, among other things, saves raw materials extracted from nature and thus extends
In this project we will try to develop a program that, with the help of a programmable microcontroller such as PLC, performs actions automatically such as: Receiving process, stamping process and finally the storage process of the already stamped wood pieces.
To achieve this goal the PLC will be the most efficient device because its technical specifications give us the great advantage of being very user friendly so that when programming, or translate ideas from a physical medium to a digital medium LADA programming language would be the most friendly providing a vast amount of utilities, which after reviewing your user manual will be even easier to understand and develop the needs we have.
After outlining the process we want to carry out, we will proceed to programming, which will allow us to establish time parameters, as well as to see in a general way the process we are carrying out, generating a constant automation, which in the long run will cause that the benefits will be greater and the optimization of the process we are carrying out will be achieved.
As an initial point, the simulation of our process will be carried out with the help of Autodesk Inventor software, where after collecting information from previous works with similar operations to ours, we carried out the structuring of the same and with this we found the best arrangement for each of the elements and devices that we will use in the process. Then we carried out the structuring of the processes and for continuous improvement, we used DOP and DAP diagrams in which the inputs, outputs and processes involved in the sealing of the boxes are considered, which will then be used for programming in LADA in the PLC.
This research has been developed at the Faculty of Engineering of the Ricardo Palma University, considering our objective to automate the process of classifying bottles according to their size. Formerly many companies worked manually the process of classification of bottles, however with the advancement of technology this has been able to change that is why we decided to make a bottle sorting machine according to the size of each one; another objective of the project is to reduce time in the classification of bottles and thus be able to increase the productivity of the process.
Currently in Peru there are a few companies that are automated which is a problem because it generates a delay in daily production and productivity, although it is true that the automation of a company is not cheap in the long term investment is justified because by reducing labor and margin of human error will avoid personnel costs. The objective of this work is to study and analyze the transport of material by a conveyor belt, analyzing the margin of error, costs and productivity of the machine, as well as to propose and motivate future companies to implement this machine.
Today very few Peruvian agribusiness companies have automated packaging systems to complete the process of forming and filling boxes. The most of companies use manual packaging systems generating bottle-necks and low production flows which are a disadvantage in the competitive world market and do not allow to take benefit of the Free Trade Agreements the Peruvian government has recently implemented. This is the case of lemons, oranges and mangoes export companies which mostly use manual packaging systems.
This project seeks to present an alternative solution to this problem by developing a prototype system for the automatic shaping, filling and sealing of cartoon boxes. The automated packaging system has been designed and implemented using an electro-pneumatic system controlled by a PLC (programmable logic controller). The results show that the packaging time can be reduced from 15 seconds to 9 seconds meaning an improved production rate of over 60%.
Thermal forming is a process for transforming the shape of plastic products. It consists in the heating of a plastic sheet which takes the shape of the mold where it is introduced. Thermal forming processes can be carried out through vacuum techniques or through variable pressure and temperature techniques. The thermal forming is commonly used in industry because it is easy to implement, it requires few tools and instruments, it is fast and of low cost.
In this project, it is designed and implemented an automated prototype system for thermal forming of polystyrene applied to the fabrication of plastic containers. The thermal forming system is designed using CAD techniques and constructed using an steel structure where all the components are fixed. Electrical resistances are used to generate controlled to provide proper temperature level for the adequate forming of the plastic containers. The holding, positioning and transport of the plastic materials are carried out using pneumatic elements which are controlled using a PLC (programmable logic controller). The effectiveness of the thermal forming systems has been tested and verified for different shapes of molds and operating conditions.
The automatic selector of materials and colors is an industrial automation project that seeks to reduce costs and production time in the process of selection and distribution of materials. Uses a method of detection using optical and inductive sensors which recognize the material and color of pieces and then send a signal to the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) to activate an automatic actuator for doing the selection and distribution of material obtaining more speed of selection and classification of 491 materials per hour and reduction of workers from 4 to 1.
Therefore we have an optimized of time and selection and additionally a cost reduction.
- First the construction of the base and the aluminun frame was made in order to come up to the project requirements. This base is where the whole weight of the machine rests.
- The conveyor belt was made to transport and feed the machine with cans.
- The pneumatic and electro-pneumatic components were assembled to the base and frame of the prototype.
- All conections with the 6 milimeters pneumatic tubings were done.
- Instalation of all of the electric wiring for electric valves, sensors, limit swtches, PLC, dc motor.
- Programation and download to the PLC of the software LOGO! SOFT COMFORT V4.0.0
- Revsions of all conections.
- Implementation.
The USB memory is a low-cost digital storage device commonly used for diverse applications. Most of USB memory shapes and designs are similar and easily portable. Actual designs of USB memory devices have caps that easily get lost or the device itself fails and turns to be useless losing all the storage digital information with a significant economical damage for the person holder of the memory.
In this project, a solution is developed through the design and construction of a USB memory casing of easy use and transport which provides more protection and robustness to these memory devices. The casing was designed considering ergonomics, portability and scalability factors using CAD/CAM techniques. High-density polyethylene was selected as the material for the casing which was finally fabricated using a CNC milling machine properly programmed to complete de proposed design.
The Laboratory of Computer Integrated Manufacturing CIM of Ricardo Palma University is a place commonly used by students and faculty to develop and complete design projects and laboratory experiences. In order to assure the proper operation of the CIM Laboratory, it is required to control de access of people who get-in and get-out from the laboratory. For this, an electronic card, CIMCARD, has been designed and constructed to be carried by students and faculty who are authorized to access the CIM Laboratory.
The CIMCARD is made from acrylic and shaped using a programmable CNC milling machine to contain a magnetic signal emitter. These signals are detected by a sensor fixed in the door of the laboratory to detect if a person is passing through it. This detecting sensor is connected to a computer which registers the code of the person holding the CIMCARD, and analyze if it is authorized to get-in or get-out from the laboratory. If the person is non-authorized, the computer emits and acoustic signal so that the faculty in charge of the laboratory can take the proper action. An application software registers the name and code of the people accessing the laboratory as well as the time when they get-in or get-out. The system has been tested and its operability verified for different working conditions. The system is planned to be applied to other restricted areas of the university.
BMX is a special sport carried out in bicycles and it is getting more acceptance among young people. It is considered an Olympic sport since 2008. In BMX, the driver rides a bicycle making several acrobatic movements to avoid obstacles or for performing synchronized and artistic movements. To develop these movements, the driver should position their feet on the pegs fixed in the shaft of the front and rear wheels. Special and expensive BMX bicycles are equipped with pegs at both sides of the wheels.
In this project, it is proposed the design, construction and fixing of pegs for converting conventional and non-expensive bicycles in to BMX bicycles. The pegs are designed using CAD techniques and fabricated using a CNC lathe machine programmed to complete the proper sequence to delineate the shape of the peg. The fabricated peg has been fixed in the rear wheel of a conventional bicycle through a screwed hole, and tested by a driver performing diverse movements. The peg supports driver weight, it is robust and safe to perform BMX sports.
An academic institution like a university, college or school require to make a control of their assets, equipment, furnishing and goods in order to achieve a better use of them. In that sense, this project develops a software application to register, monitor and control all the actions and changes implemented on the assets: date of acquisition, physical placing, rotation and moving, repairing, removal and replacement. The software application performs as a goods catalog constantly updated.
The modeling of the processes and data was carried under a UML platform using Case Rational Rose toolbox. The software was developed using Visual Studio and a SQL data base.
El presente trabajo de investigación comprendió el diseño, programación e implementación de una máquina compactadora de latas de aluminio, que tuvo como finalidad la aplicación de una fuerza para reducir el volumen inicial de una lata, permitiendo así una mejor manipulación y almacenamiento.
La función de la máquina se inició colocando manualmente una lata tras otra y estas cayeron de manera ordenada hacia el siguiente espacio donde fueron compactadas con ayuda de un actuador automático. Posteriormente la lata compactada pasó a un recipiente de acopio.
Se concluyó que puede ser implementada de manera estratégica en los centros de acopios, para promover el reciclaje en lugares donde existan mayor uso de envases de metal, para facilitar y colaborar con el reciclaje de aluminio, como una solución sostenible.
El presente trabajo de investigación se divide en dos partes donde se muestra el proceso actual que se viene realizando en diferentes industrias al clasificar materiales metálicos y no metálicos como también una propuesta de mejora para optimizar los tiempos de trabajo y reducir costos por medio de la automatización del proceso.
En el proceso actual el operario traslada diferentes tipos de piezas de manera manual clasificándolos en cualquiera de los dos contenedores según corresponda teniendo una deficiencia directa al operario por lesiones asociadas a los movimientos repetitivos, de igual manera para la empresa ya que se tienen tiempos muertos cuando el operario se desplaza de su lugar de trabajo para sus horarios de comida, ir a servicios higiénicos o descanso según sea el caso.
Por ello proponemos un proceso automatizado controlado por un PLC en que las piezas se transportan por una faja transportadora llegando a un sensor inductivo que si reconoce a un material metálico lo enviará su almacenaje con ayuda de un cilindro neumático; si es un material no metálico este seguirá por la faja hasta llegar al sensor óptico, una vez la luz se obstruya el pistón se expande y caerá al almacenaje de materiales no metálicos con ello logrando un aumento en la productividad y rendimiento entre todos los beneficios que puede brindar.
El presente trabajo fue creado con la finalidad de desarrollar, implementar y proporcionar una herramienta adecuada e innovadora de modo automático para un prototipo de un lavado de automóviles, enfocados en tecnologías modernas aplicadas.
Automatizar, se define como el estudio de métodos cuyo objetivo principal es la sustitución del operador humano por uno automático en la generación de una actividad física o mental debidamente programada.
Para desarrollar la automatización se requiere de la aplicación de múltiples sistemas, en este proyecto se emplea el PLC como controlador de los diversos movimientos para llevar a cabo dicha tarea, se decidió por este sistema debido a que posee entre sus características importantes las de almacenar programas para su siguiente y rápido uso, la transformación de o variación de los mismos lo cual genera en su eficacia se evidencie principalmente en procesos en los que se producen necesidades tales como: espacio pequeño, procesos de producción que cambian reiteradamente, procesos secuenciales y amplias revisiones de programación.
Para poder desarrollar la automatización de este proyecto se diseñará un modelo automatizado en el sistema Logo Soft, el mismo que recibirá los datos del PLC Logo, en el cual se utilizarán los diversos conocimientos teóricos-prácticos adquiridos en el desarrollo del curso de automatización industrial.
El presente trabajo de investigación consiste en la elaboración de un prototipo de máquina cortadora de fierro, que a manera de precaución y simulación, se realizó mediante el uso de tubos de PVC; y de un controlador lógico programable (PLC), respectivamente.
Para la ejecución del presente proyecto, se realizó un estudio preliminar a fin de diagnosticar la situación actual en el sector manufacturero y mediante la planificación y aplicación, poder brindar soluciones automatizadas a diversas actividades en el rubro que se realizan de manera
El objetivo principal de este proyecto es aplicar tecnologías de automatización en procesos reales y conocimientos aprendidos a lo largo del curso y de la carrera profesional de Ingeniería Industrial, para el correcto funcionamiento de la cortadora de fierro. Además, de poner en práctica el trabajo en equipo, que nos permite prepararnos como futuros profesionales.
Luego de la aplicación de las tecnologías automatizadas, mediante el uso de sensores, actuadores neumáticos/ electro neumáticos controlados por un PLC, se concluyó que la aplicación de estas herramientas optimizará tiempos y gastos en la producción manual de cortes de fierro.
The present research work included the design, programming and implementation of an aluminum can compactor machine, which had the purpose of applying a force to reduce the initial volume of a can, thus allowing a better handling and storage.
The function of the machine was started by manually placing one can after the other and these fell in an orderly fashion into the next space where they were compacted with the help of an automatic actuator. The compacted can was then transferred to a collection container.
It was concluded that it can be strategically implemented in collection centers to promote recycling in places where there is greater use of metal containers, to facilitate and collaborate with aluminum recycling as a sustainable solution.
This research work is divided into two parts where the current process that is being carried out in different industries when classifying metallic and non-metallic materials is shown, as well as an improvement proposal to optimize work times and reduce costs through automation. of process.
In the current process, the operator transfers different types of parts manually, classifying them into either of the two containers as appropriate, having a direct deficiency for the operator due to injuries associated with repetitive movements, in the same way for the company since there are downtimes when The operator moves from his workplace for his meal times, to go to toilets or to rest, as the case may be.
For this reason, we propose an automated process controlled by a PLC in which the pieces are transported along a conveyor belt, reaching an inductive sensor that, if it recognizes a metallic material, will send it to storage with the help of a pneumatic cylinder; If it is a nonmetallic material, it will continue along the belt until it reaches the optical sensor. Once the light is obstructed, the piston expands and will fall into the storage of non-metallic materials, thereby achieving an increase in productivity and performance among all the benefits that can provide.
The present work was created with the purpose of developing, implementing and providing a suitable and innovative tool in automatic mode for a prototype of a car wash, focused on modern applied technologies.
Automation is defined as the study of methods whose main objective is the replacement of the human operator by an automatic one in the generation of a duly programmed physical or mental activity.
To develop automation requires the application of multiple systems, in this project the PLC is used as controller of the various movements to carry out this task, it was decided by this system because it has among its important features to store programs for their next and quick use, the transformation of or variation of the same which generates in its effectiveness is evident mainly in processes in which there are needs such as: small space, production processes that change repeatedly, sequential processes and extensive programming reviews.
In order to develop the automation of this project, an automated model will be designed in the Logo Soft system, which will receive the data from the Logo PLC, i n w h i c h t h e different theoretical-practical knowledge acquired in the development of the industrial automation course will be used.
The present research work consists of the development of a prototype of an iron cutting machine, which as a precaution and simulation, was carried out using PVC pipes; and a programmable logic controller (PLC), respectively.
For the execution of this project, a preliminary study was carried out in order to diagnose the current situation in the manufacturing sector and through planning and application, to be able to provide automated solutions to various activities in the sector that are carried out manually and may be susceptible to automate.
The main objective of this project is to apply automation technologies in real processes and knowledge learned throughout the course and professional career in Industrial Engineering, for the correct operation of the iron cutter. In addition, putting teamwork into practice, which allows us to prepare ourselves as future professionals.
After the application of automated technologies, through the use of sensors, pneumatic/electropneumatic actuators controlled by a PLC, it was concluded that the application of these tools will optimize time and expenses in the manual production of iron cuts.
